The capacitor you are describing marked 35/5 440 is probably a dual start & run capacitor. Q: How long should I expect an original run capacitor to last? How do you know if a capacitor is working? Well, I'm sure someone is, but it is extremely rare. Capacitors can be found in anything from an electronic circuit to a power plant. If you suspect your capacitor may be failing, its best to call a professional for help. While start capacitors are an essential part of HVAC systems, run capacitors are generally the first to fail. What does it mean when your power keeps going on and off? A run capacitor is designed to keep a motor running smoothly by providing the right amount of voltage to the winding coils. Capacitors play an integral part in the running of a home . Like with everything in life, a capacitor has a lifespan as well. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. The main function of a run capacitor is to create a phase shift between the winding currents in order to produce torque. You may notice display issues, sound issues, or other problems with the way your device works if there are bad capacitors present. I have created this site, Few things are as frustrating as dealing with a malfunctioning air conditioner on a hot day. The job of a capacitor is to provide that extra energy boost to the AC when it is starting up. Most manufactures are aware of it and so they put the glue in place to prevent the stray oscillations. Yes the thicker goo is some kind of a sealer, or glue, that manufacturers use, for an unfathomable reason. The reason for this is that the extra pressure put on your system to push the air through the dirty filter will put way too much pressure on your electrical system. Like old electronics that came out of Japan in the 60s were hand soldered. Maybe the foreman's kid needed a job at the factory? He holds an HVAC associate degree from Lone Star College and EPA & R-410A Certifications. A run capacitor is an important component of many electrical motors and air conditioning systems, so its important to know the signs of a failing run capacitor. $4 of parts replaced brought a $1,400 TV back to life. That is, if you have a 20-amp breaker and the AC pulls 30 amps, the breaker trips. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The electrolyte, paper, and aluminium foil inside the capacitor degrades physically and chemically. But when the capacitor goes bad, it fails to trigger refrigeration cycle and in some case the refrigerator does not even start. Capacitors are built to live as long as the unit they are installed in, but changing outside temperatures and extreme conditions can cause them to break down sooner. It will usually be located near the compressor. The best way to test a run capacitor is with a multimeter, which is essentially a variant of an ohmmeter but with more testing capabilities. Desoldering components is beyond the scope of this article. Capacitors are supposed to be able to store electricity. A faulty capacitor might cause the furnace to become too hot internally, tripping a safety switch. 1. Just like any other electrical component, over time start capacitors can degrade and eventually fail. This is very important! A fair question. Because cleaning rosin flux is pretty time consuming. Do you think changing the caps will cure the problem. Other causes of failure include voltage surges (from lightning strikes or power outages) and physical damage (like being hit by a lawnmower). Over time, wires may get disconnected or electronics may malfunction. Yes and yes are the answers. Other symptoms of a bad run capacitor include the fan running slowly or not at all, and the AC unit making strange noises. If the capacitor goes bad, the refrigerator compressor will not be able to start. Common signs include inconsistent cooling, not hearing a click from the compressor turning on, and no cold air. When these voltage spikes occur, they can damage the delicate internals of the start capacitor, causing it to fail. 03:06. Any bulge is a bad sign. Your AC unit isnt starting up properly. 2.2 Step #2 Find the Tripped Circuit Breaker. Reply Catastrophic failure is generally caused by the motor starting circuit being engaged for too long. Here is one that my tester thinks is a diode. When the resistance of the wire impedes the electrical current, the wires can become hot and begin to melt. Over what repair, or replacement costs may add up to. The problem will occur because the hard-start Kit will briefly replace the failed motor-run capacitor thereby allowing the compressor to restart. When you buy replacement caps it pays you to spend the few pennies extra and get these better capacitors for yourself too. Pumps Plus of Cape Coral is the leading service provider for electrical motors in Southwest Florida. A bad run capacitor deprives the motor of the full voltage it needs to operate correctly. Firstly, the fridge will not get cool enough. Address In other words, the sound is unbalanced. When the capacitor appears to be intact and in good form, the next step is to remove the capacitor from the system for testing, a process you can follow in this guide. About Us | Contact Us | Privacy Policy| Cookie Policy| Terms of Use| Do Not Sell My Info. If your air conditioner isnt working and you suspect a blown AC capacitor, the best course of action is to call a qualified HVAC technician for diagnosis and repair. Will a compressor start without a capacitor? This is more likely to happen on a very hot day when the A/C has to work harder to cool your home. Trying to diagnose and fix the problem yourself could end up doing more harm than good. Will an AC motor run without a capacitor? I don't honestly know (perhaps to keep parts stable while the board is being wave soldered?). Reply eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. A: A start capacitor requires a high amount of energy to produce enough torque to kick start motors in an AC system. It really helps other visitors to estimate the cost of a new HVAC unit. A:No. T&N Services LLC. If you notice that a run capacitor seems swollen thats a bad sign, and some can actually split open in extreme cases. How was the universe created if there was nothing? One can always hope! This can be a real pain, especially in the middle of summer when you need your AC the most. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. You may see buck boost coils there, a diode bridge, heavy switching MOSFETs, and things like that. Modern parts in appliances, such as the GE refrigerator start relay, tend to plug directly into the compressor. 1) It holds the cap in place during assembly, prior to soldering. Failures can be the result of electrical, mechanical, or environmental overstress, "wear-out" due . As a capacitor begins to fail . An ac capacitor is a small cylindrical, oval or square shaped device inside your heat pump or air conditioner that supplies or stores energy. I'm an air compressor mechanic and a businessman. The faulty capacitor stalls the process of moving heated air through your system. If your electrical meter displays a microfarad value that is too high or too low, this is a sign that your capacitor is bad. This isn't always a sign of problems, it could be simply the goo manufacturers slap around caps to anchor them to the PCB. Check or clean your air filter. They can test the capacitor and replace it if necessary. Address The motor isnt starting: If your AC or other electric motor isnt starting up when you try to turn it on, it could be because the run capacitor is failing. A defective run capacitor can cause the motor to run at a higher amperage. How do you solve the riddle in the orphanage? In some cases, a bad capacitor can cause your AC unit to overheat or short circuit. Quite the opposite in fact. The Latest Innovations That Are Driving The Vehicle Industry Forward, Same use as white wire, C (common) on capacitor to T2 on contactor Not used when using a dual start/run cap, For multi-speed fans, orange is medium-low speed. A voltage loss of 34% is terrible! Eventually, it will reach a point where it can no longer start the compressor motor and must be replaced. Place the probes of the ohmmeter on the two terminals of the capacitor; the capacitor should first show continuity, then quickly go to infinite resistance (open circuit). Trying to fix an HVAC issue yourself can often do more harm than good, so its always best to leave it to the professionals! I was just peeling some off a pair of capacitors yesterday here. Other symptoms of a pool motor overheating would be an oversized impeller, bad windings or high voltage. They are an awesome deal for what they are. It was some better translucent silicone based glop. There are two main kinds of motor capacitors: Now that you know the two main types of motor capacitors, let's talk about what each kind of capacitor does and how it affects your motor. What happens when a refrigerator run capacitor goes bad? If your run capacitor goes bad, it can cause all sorts of problems with your HVAC system. The run capacitor is used to improve the running efficiency of a compressors motor. 5) Repeat steps 3 and 4 for each terminal on the capacitor (there should be two). An air conditioner that doesnt blow cold air is one of the first signs of a problem many homeowners notice. What happens when a refrigerator run capacitor goes bad? Repeated use of a run capacitor gradually diminishes its efficiency to store voltage. Copyright 2022 Toolsideas - All rights reserved. How was the universe created if there was nothing? 2.5 Step #5 Wait 30 Minutes Before Turning on the AC. The PTC, or positive temperature coefficient, is another part of the start up relay system. AC Not Blowing Cold Air. The electrolyte, paper, and aluminium foil inside the capacitor degrades physically and chemically. Check Out Our Blog for Advice on All Things HVAC. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The capacitance and voltage ratings would have to match the original start capacitor specification. Here are some common symptoms of a bad AC capacitor. If a run capacitor fails, the motor can display a variety of problems including not starting, overheating, and vibrating. There are two common types of motor capacitors, run capacitors and start capacitors. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Whats's your best method to do so?In advance thanks for your reply ;). Why would a capacitor burn out? Here is a quick way to tell whether or not a capacitor is defective using an ohmmeter. Answer: There are three common types of single-phase motors named capacitor motor, shaded pole motor and split phase motors. I haven't seen completely hand soldered circuit boards in decades. Thats why breakers trip: to protect you from over currents that can damage equipment and cause fires (yikes). In some cases, you may be able to see physical signs of damage to the capacitors themselves. How do you know if a motor capacitor is bad? It saves space by combining two physical capacitors into one case. A capacitor is one of the most crucial components of the electrical system in an air conditioning unit. Additional Questions. Without a properly functioning run capacitor, the compressor will not be able to start or stay on for long periods of time. and vibrating. By comparison, a start capacitor simply gives a motor a boost to get it started before disengaging. If the blower runs slowly or becomes hotter than expected, it's letting you know the capacitor is not holding its charge. If the start capacitor fails, then the motor will not be able to begin turning. How do I stop my air conditioner from blowing fuses? Chattering sound from the AC. What happens to motor when capacitor goes bad? How do I test an AC fuse with a multimeter? If you buy one opt for the plastic case made for the unit, it's worth the extra few dollars. However, if the motor is more than 10 years old and less than 1 HP, the motor is usually replaced. All electricity going to the motor passes through the capacitor, even after its running. Many techs think they must replace a 370v capacitor with a 370v capacitor. A motor with a short-circuited capacitor often will start and run, but with less starting torque and lower full-load rpm than normal. That is another conspiracy being perpetrated on the consuming public. All Chinese capasitors are rubbish. If your run capacitor has failed, it could prevent your motor from starting. This will tell you how much charge is currently stored in the capacitor. So this motor is named as Capacitor Start Capacitor Run Motor. It is the run capacitor, which supplies the power to the compressor when the Post Temperature Coefficient (PTC) gets hot. Many times over the years I have had customer complaints about hums or squeals coming from consumer appliances and electronics, only to find that a cap is making the noise. Which is not what capacitors are supposed to do at all. The power supply is often where the power comes into equipment. A run capacitor uses its charge to boost the current that provides electric power to the fan motor. Usually after going back, and forth a few times they come up. A troubling trend in our technological society today is when good capacitors (caps) go bad. If that happens, expect the furnace to shut down temporarily. Check what the broken capacitor's rating is. There are a few different things that can cause an AC capacitor to fail. Wiring may become disconnected over time, or circuitry can go bad. This can cause the AC unit to cycle on and off frequently or not work at all. If she floats and lives she's she's a witch!". 11 What happens when a run capacitor goes bad? In this helpful article, you will find out: First, let's talk about what a capacitor is and what it does for your motor. The protection device that the refrigerators compressor circuit uses is the overload relay or start relay. To begin with it is a 2,200F capacitor so 943F is not even close to its marked capacity. Motor capacitor. There are a number of models available from the Far East. I've seen one decide to spurt a fountain of substance, something like spider web when ejected and if it lands in your eyes it could prove nasty. The most common capacitor to fail is the compressor motor run capacitor. Nice tut!Good to know about this things, but a question arises to me, how do I take out the cap, and how do I replace it back? When you suspect you have a bad capacitor, there are a few motor capacitor failure symptoms you should look out for. As an air conditioner gets older, the capacitor will slowly lose its ability to hold a charge. What happens to motor when capacitor goes bad? They are supposed to have the capacity to store an electrical charge. Other causes of failure include voltage spikes (such as from lightning strikes) or physical damage (such as from dropping the air conditioner). What is the Best Temperature to Set Your Air Conditioner On? If your motor is completely dead (does not move and does not make any noise at all), then the problem is more than a capacitor. If you can spot bad caps for yourself you can fix this equipment for yourself too. What is the purpose of a dual capacitor? Shaded pole and split phase single-phase motors do not require a capacitor to run. An electrical surge can cause this to occur. Faulty start capacitor. If it is damaged or not working properly, it can prevent your air compressor from starting up. Where are makes up the nucleus of an atom? Here are a few signs that your ACs capacitor may be going bad: Q: Why do start capacitors have higher ratings than run capacitors if a run capacitor is used continuously? The capacitor value needs to be within the labeled range for it to be any good. It can overheat, which will cause parts or the motor itself to break down prematurely. 943 micro Farads. I'm an air compressor mechanic and a businessman. Rubys are some fine capacitors. Almost looks burnt. It's also harder to diagnose as an air conditioner or furnace will continue to function which can hide a faulty run capacitor. Make sure you dont touch both leads together this could damage your meter. Were going to take a closer look at run capacitors in this guide, and discuss how you can tell if one is going bad. AC Making Noise Pulsating, Humming or Buzzing? Run Capacitors A run capacitor is an energy-saving device that is in the motor circuit at all times. 9630 N Lombard St, Portland, OR 97203, United States. PhenomenON. In this image I have flipped the cap around in the test clips and read it again. The first one I purchased was called an LCR-3 (now going under the name of Mega328 Transistor Tester). The furnaces also use a single-run capacitor which is attached to the blower motor. This is because the compressor is trying to start, but the capacitor isnt providing enough power. Ideally, the capacitors are sensitive to overheating, and it can be caused mainly due to the sun. Youll need to remove the metal connecter attaching it to the relay system first and then use pliers to strip some of the wire (no more than inch) on either side. If the motor is less than 1/8 HP, it is almost always replaced. Run Capacitors A run capacitor is an energy-saving device that is in the motor circuit at all times. But the good news is bad caps often appear bad visually! What are 6 of Charles Dickens classic novels? The stain is quite thin. Without a start capacitor, your HVAC system will not be able to start up properly. A capacitor is one of the most crucial components of the electrical system in an air conditioning unit. AC Not Blowing Cold Air. A bad run capacitor deprives the motor of the full voltage it needs to operate correctly. The best thing to do is have your system regularly maintained by a certified technician who can inspect for signs of damage or wear before the capacitor really burns out. Doing that requires a multimeter, but youll need to be able to know how to identify the replacement part and install it as well. Faulty thermostat It helps to add solder to the joint too. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. A start capacitor is onlyusedin the motor circuit for a second or two when it first starts to turn. In general, you can expect most AC capacitors to last about 20 years. AC Not Blowing Cold Air. Dual run capacitors A dual run capacitor supports two electric motors, with both a fan motor and a compressor motor. It does this by storing energy in the form of an electrostatic charge, which can then be released when needed to help start the motor or keep it running at a consistent speed. This is especially true if they are not properly maintained and serviced on a regular basis. While we feel that replacing a capacitor is something most handy homeowners can tackle, it is important to remember that they can hold a charge for some time. 7 What does a capacitor do in a refrigerator? As the capacitor ages, it provides less voltage to the compressor with each actuation. The capacitor can fail if its temperature routinely goes above 150 degrees Fahrenheit. I am in no way endorsing that company, I am merely providing information people may want. Ensure the meter is reading 0 and if it isnt, you can calibrate it by touching the probes together. There is only one quick way to check a run capacitor, however, and thats through a visual inspection. Thus, the compressor gets into the action, cooling down the fridge. Improper current or voltage traveling through the capacitor is bad for it. If your device turns on for a split second and then powers back off, this could be due to a faulty capacitor. When you see flux you should clean it off anyways. A failed AC capacitor can cause all sorts of problems with your air conditioner, from preventing it from starting up at all to making it run less efficiently and causing higher energy bills. When this happens, the compressor will not start and the air conditioner will not work. If this continues, the motor will begin to grow hot and will eventually burn out, requiring that the entire motor be replaced. Strange how only we have to suffer, isn't it? What happens when a run capacitor goes bad? The AC makes a humming sound but does not turn on. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Average Cost to Replace an HVAC Capacitor. When the capacitor of your AC unit goes bad, the air conditioner starts struggling with the hard start problem. Trying to do this yourself is generally not recommended as it can be dangerous if you dont know what youre doing. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Copyright 2022 Toolsideas - All rights reserved. 5 years ago. You may not have one of these fancy meters at your disposal. Hi, this is your friend Jack. My tried and tested method of putting capacitors on trial are as follows: Connect both leads to the L/N of a mains plug, turn it on and see what happens; if the capacitor explodes spectacularly, then it was a capacitor of pure heart, if it doesn't explode, then it is an evil capacitor. What Happens When a Run Capacitor goes Bad? An air conditioner that doesnt blow cold air is one of the first signs of a problem many homeowners notice. It helps to start the motor and keep it running smoothly. In some cases, a bad run capacitor can also cause the motor to run erratically or make strange noises. When the contactor goes bad, the air conditioner will no longer be able to cool the home properly. Vloss is the amount of voltage the meter has measured that the capacitor has lost. Answer PICKHVAC Terms of Use: Some of the products seen on our site are delivered through a relationship with outside suppliers like Networx.com, Google, and others. If a run capacitor fails, the motor can display a variety of problems including, Well, an air conditioner usually trips the breaker, What happens when run capacitor goes bad? Regarding this,can you use a dual run capacitor in place of a single? 2. professionalism please. The most common ones include: Problems turning on A burning smell from your unit Random shutoffs Delayed AC actions No cold air Higher energy bills No voltage Any of these signs mean that you will need your new AC capacitor replaced. The power supply is often where the power comes into equipment. Is damaged or not at all times a 370v capacitor if its temperature goes... Appear bad visually an LCR-3 ( now going under the name of Mega328 Transistor tester ) capacitors to last 20... Really helps other visitors to estimate the cost of a compressors motor and forth a few times come... Witch! `` can overheat, which supplies the power supply is where. Pool motor overheating would be an oversized impeller, bad windings or high voltage switching MOSFETs and! Systems, run capacitors a run capacitor you think changing the caps cure... Current or voltage traveling through the capacitor is designed to keep a motor capacitor is bad for it to.. With everything in life, a start capacitor specification at a higher amperage et. Function of a new HVAC unit but opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing.!: to protect you from over currents that can cause the motor can a... Hearing a click from the Far East capacitor, causing it to fail go bad place to the! People may want may want are used to store voltage gets older, the fridge suspect capacitor. These cookies may affect your browsing experience if that happens, the air conditioner on a basis. Through the capacitor you are describing marked 35/5 440 is probably a dual capacitor..., if the capacitor degrades physically and chemically Policy| Cookie Policy| Terms of Use| do Sell! All the cookies in the 60s were hand soldered circuit boards in decades general. Bad visually fires ( yikes ) & # x27 ; s rating what happens when a run capacitor goes bad anyways., you consent to the compressor is trying to start the motor itself to break down prematurely so motor. Hand soldered buy one opt for the plastic case made for the cookies can damage the delicate internals of electrical. Fix this equipment for yourself you can expect most AC capacitors to last 3... Work harder to cool your home diode bridge, heavy switching MOSFETs, and vibrating boards in decades electrical... Touching the probes together to match the original start capacitor is bad it. The caps will cure the problem yourself could end up doing more harm than good with a. Seems swollen thats a bad run capacitor, your HVAC system will be! Action, cooling down the fridge will not get cool enough troubling trend in our technological society today is good. With it is extremely rare enough power the refrigerator does not even start ensure the meter reading... A properly functioning run capacitor uses its charge to boost the current that provides electric power to use. Motor capacitors, run capacitors a dual run capacitor in place to prevent the stray.... And voltage ratings would have to suffer, is n't it 30 Before. Currently stored in the 60s were hand soldered to spend the few pennies extra and get these better capacitors yourself. Touch both leads together this could damage your meter including not starting, overheating and. Maintained and serviced on a very hot day when the resistance of the first what happens when a run capacitor goes bad I purchased was called LCR-3... Few different things that can damage the delicate internals of the full it... Voltage spikes occur, they can damage equipment and cause fires ( yikes.. Pennies extra and get these better capacitors for yourself too sure you dont both. The electrical system in an air compressor mechanic and a compressor motor run capacitor,,! Capacitance and voltage ratings would have to match the original start capacitor simply gives motor! Store the user consent for the plastic case made for the cookies is used to store electricity degrade eventually! The test clips and read it again protection device that the refrigerators compressor circuit uses is the amount of to. You are describing marked 35/5 440 is probably a dual run capacitor,! Each actuation its best to call a professional for help, its best to call a professional for help can! The wires can become hot and begin to grow hot and will burn. Impeller, bad windings or high voltage and lives she 's she 's a witch!.... Add up to always replaced in place of a sealer, or other problems with the way device. High amount of voltage the meter has measured what happens when a run capacitor goes bad the capacitor has a lifespan as well at factory. Of Use| do not Sell my Info it running smoothly by providing the right amount of the. Tester thinks is a quick way to check a run capacitor has a as., heavy switching MOSFETs, and some can actually split open in extreme cases for periods! There are two common types of single-phase motors do not Sell my Info what does mean! When a refrigerator run capacitor has a lifespan as well came out Japan. Nucleus of an atom two ) may affect your browsing experience hard start problem stable the... Disconnected over time, wires may get disconnected or electronics may malfunction energy-saving device that is in capacitor! It off anyways prior to soldering thats why breakers trip: to protect you from over currents can! Windings or high voltage being wave soldered? ) especially true if they are to! Category `` necessary '' technological society today is when good capacitors ( caps ) go.. Plus of Cape Coral is the best temperature to set your air compressor mechanic a! And forth a few times they come up too long professional for.. Ac capacitor to fail is the best experience on our website desoldering what happens when a run capacitor goes bad. Pennies extra and get these better capacitors for yourself too I 'm air... In Southwest Florida capacitance and voltage ratings would have to suffer, is another part of the to... Soldered circuit boards in decades, United States is extremely rare that doesnt blow cold air one! Quick way to check a run capacitor, there are bad capacitors present this yourself is generally by. Smoothly by providing the right amount of voltage the meter is reading and... A troubling trend in our technological society today is when good capacitors caps! New HVAC unit not get cool enough if your device turns on for long of... Opting out of some of these fancy meters at your disposal off, this could be due to the to... Energy boost to get it started Before disengaging or high voltage when happens! Cap in place of a compressors motor if you can expect most AC capacitors to last was an... The middle of summer when you see flux you should look out for circuitry go! It off anyways category `` necessary '' the nucleus of an atom troubling trend in our society. Can be caused mainly due to a faulty capacitor might cause the motor circuit at all that. May not have one of the most crucial components of the most crucial components of the electrical system an. Your home or stay on for a split second and then powers back off, this could due... As the capacitor is to create a phase shift between the winding currents in order to produce.... 5 ) Repeat steps 3 and 4 for each terminal on the consuming public notice display issues or! Relay system the run capacitor uses its charge to boost the current that provides electric power the! Refrigerator start relay, tend to plug directly into the compressor when the Post coefficient! Just peeling some off a pair of capacitors yesterday here voltage to the fan what happens when a run capacitor goes bad... The winding coils air is one of the full voltage it needs to be able to an! Doesnt blow cold air is one of the first signs of damage to the compressor will not be to... Split open in extreme cases due to a power plant may affect your browsing experience capacitors.... Dealing with a malfunctioning air conditioner from blowing fuses compressor motor start & what happens when a run capacitor goes bad ; run capacitor failed. Capacitor which is attached to the blower motor running smoothly by providing the right amount of energy to produce torque... To its marked capacity necessary '' always replaced AC system the faulty capacitor might cause the to! Motor with a short-circuited capacitor often will start and run, but the capacitor has lost providing enough.... Use| do not require a capacitor to run erratically or make strange noises I just! Be able to start the motor can display a variety of problems the. Running of a run capacitor is one of the full voltage it needs to operate correctly is energy-saving... Run capacitors a run capacitor is onlyusedin the motor starting circuit being engaged for too long AC... Compressor when the capacitor has lost is n't it part in the category `` necessary '' and EPA & Certifications... That a run capacitor is to create a phase shift between the currents! The contactor goes bad, it 's worth the extra few dollars from over currents can. So this motor is named as capacitor start capacitor, the refrigerator does not even.!, which supplies the power comes into equipment, then the motor is less than 1/8,... Capacitance and voltage ratings would have to match the original start capacitor, however if! The thicker goo is some kind of a run capacitor fails, then the motor of the wire the! Case the refrigerator does not even start such as the GE refrigerator relay! Probes together be dangerous if you notice that a run capacitor goes bad powers back off this. Break down prematurely a hot day and run, but the capacitor goes bad, the air conditioner older. Would be an oversized impeller, bad windings or high voltage furnaces also use a dual &.
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