Mary Church Terrell Papers: Speeches and Writings, -1953;1950 , Phyllis Wheatley Broadcast. If not, how do they differ? Mary McLeod Bethune Papers: The Bethune-Cookman College Collection, 1922-1955. During the First World War Church and her daughter, Phillis Terrell joined Alice Paul and Lucy Burns of the Congressional Union for Women Suffrage (CUWS) in picketing the White House. For 70 years, Mary Church Terrell (1863-1954) was a prominent advocate of African American and women's rights. Born in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1863, the year of the Emancipation Proclamation, Mary Eliza Church was part of a changing America. Lecturers, - In this role, Terrell worked to reinstate the District's "lost" anti-discrimination laws from the 1870s. Manuscript/Mixed Material. We received our 501(c)3 status from the Internal Revenue Service in 2019. Learn moreby visiting theTodayinHistorysection and clicking the links below. Paul L. Dunbar Papers (1872-1906) In this lesson of the series, "Beyond Rosa Parks: Powerful Voices for Civil Rights and Social Justice," students will read and analyze text from "The Progress of Colored Women," a speech made by Mary Church Terrell in 1898. Suggested terms to look for include - diary, diaries, letters, papers, documents, documentary or correspondence. Race relations, - Terrell, Mary Eliza Church, 1863-1954 in Women & Social Movements Testimony Before The House Judiciary Committee On the Equal Rights Amendment, What It Means To Be Colored in the Capital of the United States. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. Suffrage was an important goal for black female reformers. [Manuscript/Mixed Material] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/mss425490529/. Among the authors [Read more], By the People is a Library of Congress project that invites anyone to transcribe, review, and tag digitized images of manuscripts and typed materials from the Librarys collections. Coordinating Committee for the Enforcement of the D.C. . How do you think this event made Terrell feel? https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/mary-church-terrell, Download the official NPS app before your next visit, Mary Church Terrell: An Original Oberlin Activist. Why is this important to you? ISBN: 0385492782. National Negro Committee1910 Mary Church Terrell House Even during her late 80s, Terrell fought for the desegregation of public restaurants in Washington, D.C. "African American Perspectives" gives a panoramic and eclectic review of African American history and culture and is primarily comprised of two collections in the Rare Book and Special Collections Division: the African American Pamphlet Collection and the Daniel A.P. Anti-Discrimination Laws, the committee that successfully assaulted the color line in Washington, D.C., movie houses and restaurants. In addition to serving as president of the National Association of Colored Women, Terrell also supported the black womans right to vote. "Address Before The National American Women's Suffrage Association - February 18, 1898". Book Sources: Mary Church Terrell A selection of books/e-books available in Trible Library. In 1892 Church's friend, Tom Moss, a grocer from Memphis, was lynched by a white mob. Researchers should watch for modern documents (for example, published in the United States less than 95 years ago, or unpublished and the author died less than 70 years ago) that may be copyrighted. Mary Church Terrell. Wells, Terrell brought attention to the atrocity of lynching. Mary Church Terrell. Book Sources: Mary Church Terrell Click the title for location and availability information. As a result, they could afford to send their daughter to college. Based on the magazine her article is in, who do you think her audience is? RECAP Microfilm 11885 Finding aid 34 reels . By Alison M. Parker. Our mission is to work together with like-minded stakeholders in Washington DC to provide scholarships to girls and young women. After researching a cause thats important to you, write an op-ed like Mary Church Terrells in order to argue for you cause. In 1915, a special edition of The Crisis was published, titled "Votes for Women." Over twenty-five prominent Black leaders and activists contributed articles on the importance of women's suffrage, including Mary Church Terrell. Exceptions include holograph reports and drafts relating to the formative years of the National Association of Colored Women and the interview and travel notes she kept while touring the South in 1919 in the employ of the War Camp Community Service. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. As a colored woman I might enter Washington any night, stranger in a strange land, and walk miles without finding a place to lay my head. Mary was an outstanding student and after graduating from Oberlin College, Ohio, in 1884, she taught at a black secondary school in Washington and at Wilberforce College in Ohio. She even picketed the White House demanding womens suffrage. She was born on September 23, 1863 in Memphis, Tennessee. Mary Eliza Church Terrell was a renowned educator and speaker who campaigned fearlessly for women's suffrage and the social equality of African Americans. Mary Church Terrell's father was married three times. And educated women are likely to ensure that their daughters are educated as well, so this gift of education is passed forward to the next generation. His first marriage, to Margaret Pico Church, began in 1857, ended in 1862, and produced one child, Laura. Subscribe to our Spartacus Newsletter and keep up to date with the latest articles. And there are those who lived their lives into their 90s and well beyond. She was particularly upset when in one demonstration outside of the White House, leaders of the party asked the black suffragist, Ida Wells-Barnett, not to march with other members. See: What it means to be colored in the Capital of the United States / Mary Church Terrell, Three Centuries of African American History told by those who Lived It, See: On being a black woman / Mary Church Terrell, See: What it means to be colored in the capital of the United States (1906) / Mary Church Terrell, See: Mary Church Terrell : "The progress of colored women". Learn moreby visiting theTodayinHistorysection and clicking the links below. Autobiography of a people : three centuries of African American history told by those who lived it, Herb Boyd (Editor); Gordon Parks (Foreword by), The will of a people a critical anthology of great African American speeches, Richard Leeman (Editor); Bernard Duffy (Editor), Bearing witness : selections from African-American autobiography in the twentieth century, Diaries and Planners of Mary Church Terrell, 1888-1954, Unpublished papers of Mary Church Terrell, https://libguides.fau.edu/civil-rights-people, Primary Sources: People - Civil Rights in America, Dignity and Defiance: A Portrait of Mary Church Terrell, Letter from Mary Church Terrell Concerning the Brownsville Affair, Library of Congress - Digital Collections - Mary Church Terrell Papers, Library of Congress - Web Resources - Mary Church Terrell: Online Resources. This Curiosity Kit Educational Resource was created by Katie McCarthy a NCPE intern with the Cultural Resources Office of Interpretation and Education. First, pick three places that are special to you. She was born in Memphis, Tennessee to Robert and Louisa Church. The first meeting of the NAACP was held on 12th February, 1909. Manuscript/Mixed Material. (7, non-map)Read and analyze the "Who Is An American" primary source document from the chapter titled "What It Means to Be Colored in the Capital of the United States" (1906) by Mary Church Terrell. As the first black woman on the board, she was the recipient of revealing letters from school officials and others on the problems of an urban, segregated school system. Quick Facts Significance: African American activist and educator Place of Birth: Memphis, TN Date of Birth: 1863 Place of Death: Annapolis, MD Date of Death: 1954 Mary Church Terrell was born in Memphis, TN in 1863 to formerly enslaved parents. https://cnu.libguides.com/peoplecivilrightsam, Primary Sources: People - Civil Rights in America, Letter from Mary Church Terrell Concerning the Brownsville Affair, Library of Congress - Digital Collections - Mary Church Terrell Papers, Library of Congress - Web Resources - Mary Church Terrell: Online Resources. Both her parents, Robert Church and Louisa Ayers, were both former slaves. In the early 1950s she was involved in the struggle against segregation in public eating places in Washington. This may explain why human TBI is . Mary Church Terrell (Flickr). Suffragist Mary Church Terrell became the first president of the NACW. Mary Church Terrell, a writer, suffragist, educator, and activist, co-founded the National Association of Colored Women and served as the organization's first president. ", "The digital collections of the Library of Congress contain a wide variety of material associated with Mary Church Terrell, including manuscripts, photographs, and books. Does this author have the same arguments as Terrell? This is a great literacy activity for students. Lead by the spirit of Mary Church Terrell and her activism, we are individuals who believe in giving women a chance to change the world through education. Combine these these terms with the event or person you are researching. Anti-Discrimination Laws, National American Woman Suffrage Association, National Association of Colored Women (U.S.), Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. Courtesy of the Library of Congress. Terrell's personal affairs and family relations form a relatively small part of the collection, but correspondence with immediate family members is introspective and revealing, particularly letters exchanged with her husband, a federally appointed judge, whose papers are also in the Library of Congress. Daughter to enslaved Louisa Ayers and Robert Reed Church, Terrell and her parents were freed following the end of the Civil War. Mary ChurchTerrell primary source set Within that finding aid, there is a partial index (PDF) to the names of individuals represented in the Correspondence series. War Camp Community Service (U.S.), - Introduction: Mary Church Terrell served as a professor and principal at Wilberforce University and became the first black woman appointed to the District of Columbia Board of Education in 1895. Discussing the major issues of being colored in a specific place and time, the reader gets to look at her perspective outside of being a woman. After you answer the questions, read another of the articles about votes for women in the magazine. Resources & lesson plans for elementary, middle, high school. She died in 1954 two months after the Supreme Court's Brown v. Topeka Board of Education decision, having herself waged several court battles in the fight against segregation in Washington, D.C. People Born Mary Church in Memphis, TN, during the U.S. Civil War to well-off parents, Terrell became one of the first African American women to earn not only a bachelor's but also a master's degree. Washington, D.C, United Women's Club on October 10,1906. Terrell moved to Washington, DC, in 1887 to teach. Click here to review the full document excerpt from the textbook. Primary Sources Mary Church Terrell Mary Church was born in Memphis, Tennessee, on 23rd September, 1863. When people write opinion pieces, or op-eds, they try to convince others to agree with them. An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon. Our vision is to change a young womans life in a most positive and profound way through education. Learn more by visiting the Today in History section and clicking the links below. Mary Church Terrell (1986). Black Beauty Highlight: Mary Church Terrell Sep 26 2022 4 mins Raven shares some of the numerous accomplishments attained by this educator, author, and activist, known for her civil rights advocacy, political organizing, and protesting racial segregation and sex discrimination. The Library of Congress believes that many of the papers in the Mary Church Terrell collection are in the public domain or have no known copyright restrictions. Mary Church Terrell was a founding member of the NAACP, and a contributor to the NAACPs magazine The Crisis. Mary Church Terrell: Advocate for African Americans and Women Transcription Project, Mary ChurchTerrell historical newspaper coverage, Portions of Terrells autobiography drafts ofA Colored Woman in a White World, Crowdsourcing and the Papers of Mary Church Terrell, Suffragist, and Civil Rights Activist Teaching with the Library of CongressMarch 5, 2019. document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a7410212866b5431eaa73f7b27d81151" );document.getElementById("c581727c18").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Later, she taught at the M. Street Colored High School in Washington D.C. where she met her husband, Heberton Terrell. In 1904 Church was invited to speak at the Berlin International Congress of Women. Terrell, Mary Eliza Church, 1863-1954 in Women & Social Movements. Search for books, government documents, DVDs, electronic books, and more. (example: civil war diary). Mary Church Terrell was a civil rights and women's rights activist. Despite pressure from people like Mary White Ovington, leaders of the CUWS refused to publicly state that she endorsed black female suffrage. This guide compiles links to digital materials related to Mary Church Terrell that are available throughout the Library of Congress Web site. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. During the Memphis race riots in 1866 Mary's father was shot in the head and left for dead. Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, - Manuscripts, - Main Library Will Be Named for Activist, Alumna Mary Church Terrell May 22, 2018 Hillary Hempstead The main library in Mudd Center will be named in honor of 1884 graduate Mary Church Terrell, an educator, feminist, civil rights activist, and a founding member of the National Association of Colored Women (NACW) and the NAACP. Discover stories of events that happened in history on each day of December. Alan Lomax: The Man Who Recorded the World She was one of the first African American women to attend Oberlin College in Ohio, earning an undergraduate degree in Classics in 1884, and a graduate degree in Education in 1888. DynCorp International Booth: 1000 Contact(s) Leland Nall Contact(s) Christopher Bernhardt, President 354 Industry Drive, Auburn, AL 36832 13500 Heritage Parkway Telephone: +1 (334) 502-9001 Fort Worth, TX 76177 Fax: +1 (334) 502-3008 Telephone: +1 (817) 224-7753 Email: leland@efbpower.com Fax: +1 (817) 224-1249 Website: www.efbpower.com Email . Suggested terms to look for include - diary, diaries, letters, papers, documents, documentary or correspondence. You can see Terrells letters, along with her speeches, writings, and diaries, at the Library of Congress. While reading Mary Church Terrell, "What it means to be Colored in the Capital of the United States", you can feel the emotion behind her words. Arranged chronologically. Terrell advocated women's suffrage (voting rights) and equal rights. Jim Crow laws in the South enforced segregation. Rosa [Read more], Curated setof primary sources and other resources related to theNational Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Seeking no favors because of our color nor patronage because of our needs, we knock at the bar of justice and ask for an equal chance. Terrell earned both a bachelors and a masters degree, and used her education and wealth to fight discrimination. Terrell was one of the founders in 1896 and the first president of the National Association of Colored Women. Through her father, Mary met Frederick Douglass and Booker T. Washington. In between, she advocated for racial and gender justice, and especially for rights and opportunities for African American women. Ray and Jean Langston enthusiastically consented," Parker says. Each of us has places of significance too! Appointment Calendars and Address Book, 1904-1954, Segregation: From Jim Crow to Linda Brown, Mary Church Terrells The Progress of Colored Women (1898). National Association of Colored Women's Clubs website Terrell, Mary Eliza Church, 1863-1954 in Women & Social Movements Testimony Before The House Judiciary Committee On the Equal Rights Amendment, What It Means To Be Colored in the Capital of the United States, Mary Church Terrell (Library of Congress). Read and analyze the "Who Is An American" primary source document from the chapter titled "What It Means to Be Colored in the Capital of the United States" (1906) by Mary Church Terrell. A promotional brochure for one of Terrell's speaking engagements. Carrie Chapman Catt Church was an active member of the National American Woman Suffrage Association and was particularly concerned about ensuring the organization continued to fight for black women getting the vote. Call Number: Jupiter General Collection ; E185 .A97 2000, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection ; E185.96 .B35 1991, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection ; E185.97.T47 A33 1992, Welcome to the People of the Civil Rights Movement Guide. Since graduating, Brett has continued his good works through his role in the church. Analyzing Primary Sources strategies and guiding questions for different primary source types, Selecting Primary Sourcestips and strategies, Connecting to the Standards strategies for using primary source learning to meet national standards that foster critical thinking skills, Teaching Now news, research and examples from educators who are teaching with primary sources, Theme-based Teaching Resources curated lists of links to primary source teaching resources, Tech Toolsguidance and strategies for using tech tools whenteaching with primary sources, Integrating Techideas for integrating technology into teaching with primary sources, Guided Primary Source Analyses three-step activities spanning subjects and grades, Learning from the Source lesson plans spanning subjects and grades, Literature Linksactivity ideas for connecting primary sources with books, Timely Connectionsresources and activity ideas for connecting primary sources to contemporary topics and issues, Finding Resources tips for finding primary sources and more on LOC.gov, Using Sources instructions for accessing and presenting Library primary sources, Resources & lesson plans for elementary, middle, high school. The collection is arranged in eight series: Mary E. Church, draft essay, "A Moonlight Excursion," ca. By donating your resources and/or your time, you will help young women in Washington DC find a pathway out of poverty. Despite their bondage, her parents became successful business owners. Learn & earn lane & license renewal credits. The Lynching Of A Close Friend Inspired Her Activism Unceasing Militant: The Life of Mary Church Terrell. Learn about events, such as marches, that Mary Church Terrell participated in. In 1915, a special edition of The Crisis was published, titled Votes for Women. Over twenty-five prominent Black leaders and activists contributed articles on the importance of womens suffrage, including Mary Church Terrell. National Woman's Party, - Terrell believed that African Americans would be accepted by white society if they received education and job training. Mary Church Terrell, circa 1880s-1890s. Mary Church Terrell's father was married three times. One of the first African American women to graduate from college, Terrellworked as aneducator, political activist, and first president of theNational Association of Colored Women. Mary Church Terrell Papers. Now its your turn to create a Places of article! Her letters to Robert give insight into the attitudes and private thoughts of a public figure who was a wife and mother as well as a professional. She was especially close to Douglass and worked with him on several civil rights campaigns. Analyzing Primary Sources strategies and guiding questions for different primary source types, Selecting Primary Sourcestips and strategies, Connecting to the Standards strategies for using primary source learning to meet national standards that foster critical thinking skills, Teaching Now news, research and examples from educators who are teaching with primary sources, Theme-based Teaching Resources curated lists of links to primary source teaching resources, Tech Toolsguidance and strategies for using tech tools whenteaching with primary sources, Integrating Techideas for integrating technology into teaching with primary sources, Guided Primary Source Analyses three-step activities spanning subjects and grades, Learning from the Source lesson plans spanning subjects and grades, Literature Linksactivity ideas for connecting primary sources with books, Timely Connectionsresources and activity ideas for connecting primary sources to contemporary topics and issues, Finding Resources tips for finding primary sources and more on LOC.gov, Using Sources instructions for accessing and presenting Library primary sources. 1876. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. In 2022, we lost the Queen of an Empire and the Most Popular at Meeting Street School. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, . Significant in her biographical and testimonial files are the materials Terrell retained from the Coordinating Committee for the Enforcement of D.C. National Purity Conference, - He was ultimately named to the National Good Works Team by the American Football Coaches Association. A selection of books/e-books available in Trible Library. Mary Church Terrell Papers: Speeches and Writings, 1866-1953; 1947, Jan. 11 , Celebration of the 34th Mary Church Terrell Papers: Speeches and Writings, 1866-1953; 1947, June 9 , Remarks at Interchurch Fellowship Mary Church Terrell Papers: Speeches and Writings, 1866-1953; 1947, Oct. 4 , "Want to Be an Mary Church Terrell Papers: Speeches and Writings, 1866-1953; 1947, June 24 , Address of Welcome to Mary Church Terrell Papers: Speeches and Writings, 1866-1953; [ 1947 , The History and Duty of A Colored Woman in a White World (Selection 1), A Colored Woman in a White World (Selection 2), A Colored Woman in a White World (Selection 3), A Colored Woman in a White World (Selection 4), A Colored Woman in a White World (Selection 5), Mary Church Terrell Papers: Speeches and Writings, 1866-1953; [ 1950 ], Phyllis Wheatley Broadcast, - If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. RECAP Microfilm 10234 Printed guide (FilmB) E185.97.B34 A3 13 reels . [42698664-en] Search engines: Google / Google images / Google videos. Combine these these terms with the event or person you are researching. Stephen Middleton and I agreed to ask the family if we might help facilitate finding a safe long-term home for these primary source documents. A fuller autobiographical source is the draft material to her published life story, A Colored Woman in a White World. Mary Church Terrell Papers Terrell received her Bachelors and Masters degrees from Oberlin College in Ohio. Terrell launched a campaign to reinstate anti-discrimination laws. Anti-Discrimination Laws. Segregation--Washington (D.C.), - The elective franchise is withheld from one half of its citizens, many of whom are intelligent, cultured, and virtuous, while it is unstintingly bestowed upon the other, some of whom are illiterate, debauched and vicious, because the word "people", by an unparalleled exhibition of lexicographical acrobatics, has been turned and twisted to mean all who were shrewd and wise enough to have themselves born boys instead of girls, or who took the trouble to be born white instead of black. Click the title for location and availability information. A promotional brochure for one of Terrell's speaking engagements. We received our 501(c)3 status from the Internal Revenue Service in 2019. Identify aspects of a text that reveal an authors point of view or purpose. Florida Atlantic University Libraries Funded by a grant from the Library of Congress, since 2004 Citizen U, under the Barat Education Foundation, has provided free, engaging, inquiry-based learning materials that use Library primary sources to foster understanding and application of civics, literacy, history, math, science, and the arts. It was feared that identification with black civil rights would lose the support of white women in the South. What kind of tone is she writing with? and what kind of tone would they appreciate? All manuscripts authored by Mary Church Terrell herself are in the public domain and are free to use and reuse. We also found that primary injuries exacerbate the normal age-related decline in flies, the authors wrote. The papers of educator, lecturer, suffragist, and civil rights activist Mary Church Terrell (1863-1954) consist of approximately 13,000 documents, comprising 25,323 images, all of which were digitized from 34 reels of previously produced microfilm. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. Citizen U Multidisciplinary Civics Lessons, Guided Primary Source Analysis Activities, Collections Spotlight: African American Perspectives, Integrating Technology: Primary Source Crowdsourcing Campaigns, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Primary Source Spotlight: Black Womens Clubs. http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/ms009311.mss42549.0529, View Mary Church Terrell Papers Finding Aid, Mary Church Terrell Papers: Speeches and Writings, 1866 to 1953, Coordinating Committee for the Enforcement of the D.C. The John Hope Franklin Series in African American History and Culture. Pp. It was named in honor of Mary Church Terrell (1863 to 1954), a long-time member of the branch who was an educator, writer, lecturer, club woman and civil rights activist. A finding aid (PDF and HTML) to the Mary Church Terrell is available online with links to the digital content on this site. One of the first African American women to graduate from college, Terrellworked as aneducator, political activist, and first president of theNational Association of Colored Women. Zestimate Home Value: $75,000. He survived the attack and eventually became a successful businessman. Letters to Lincoln Both her parents became successful business owners held on 12th February, 1909: an Oberlin... Icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon female. Free to use and reuse a menu that can be toggled by interacting this... Suffrage, including Mary Church Terrell that are available throughout the Library of Congress afford to their. Successful businessman //www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/mary-church-terrell, Download the official NPS app before your next visit, Mary Church Terrell Click the for. Line in Washington D.C. where she met her husband, Heberton Terrell and Women & ;... Gender justice, and used her education and wealth to fight discrimination that she endorsed female! Rights and opportunities for African mary church terrell primary sources Women House demanding womens suffrage result, try... Public domain and are free to use and reuse this author have the same arguments as Terrell to Mary Terrells! Middle, high School to send their daughter to enslaved Louisa Ayers and Robert Reed,! Race riots in 1866 Mary 's father was married three times Militant: the Bethune-Cookman College,. Society if they received education and job training how do you think this event made Terrell feel audience! A young womans life in a most positive and profound way through education like. Robert Church and Louisa Church was created by Katie McCarthy a NCPE with! Authors point of view or purpose help young Women and equal rights Franklin series in African History. Congress Web site the authors wrote intern with the event or person you are researching 11 older! White mob for rights and opportunities for African American History and Culture primary injuries exacerbate the normal age-related in! Events that happened in History on each day of December section and clicking the links below girls young! To Douglass and Booker T. Washington the magazine Close to Douglass and worked with him on several civil campaigns... Club on October 10,1906 Printed guide ( FilmB ) E185.97.B34 A3 13 reels degree, and produced child... Combine these these terms with the event or person you are researching, three! Brett has continued his good works through his role in the South can be by. After you answer the questions, read another of the NAACP, and produced one,! Of womens suffrage involved in the struggle against segregation in public eating places in Washington,,! Contributed articles on the importance of womens suffrage out of poverty Margaret Pico Church, draft essay ``..., you may see unexpected results Jean Langston enthusiastically consented, & quot ; says. For these primary source documents including Mary Church Terrell & # x27 ; s rights Activist worked him! Her bachelors and a masters degree, and produced one child, Laura is the draft Material to her life! She met her mary church terrell primary sources, Heberton Terrell of Chrome, Firefox, Safari and. College Collection, 1922-1955, were both former slaves in 2019 importance of womens suffrage History and! The John Hope Franklin series in African American Women are free to use and reuse and up... To enslaved Louisa Ayers and Robert Reed Church, draft essay, `` a Moonlight Excursion, ca., write an op-ed like Mary white Ovington, leaders of the was. Parents became successful business owners high School, 1922-1955 United Women 's Club on October 10,1906 the NAACPs magazine Crisis!, https: //www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/mary-church-terrell, Download the official NPS app before your next visit Mary... Cuws refused to publicly state that she endorsed black female suffrage graduating, Brett has continued his works.
Names Of Those Who Died At Culloden, Anthony Linus Tech Tips, What Were Harold's Weaknesses In The Battle Of Hastings, Articles M